BillBuddy logo with smiling mascot and "Bill Summaries" ribbon.

Summary

Select

This bill updates the Rhode Island Comprehensive Planning and Land Use Act by adding definitions for "overlay district," "watershed," and "watershed overlay protection district." Most notably, the legislation prohibits the approval of comprehensive permits—which are typically used to build low- and moderate-income housing—within any watershed overlay protection district in the town of Coventry. This means developers cannot bypass local zoning rules to build affordable housing projects if the land is located in one of Coventry's protected watershed areas.
Cheapest Oil Prices in RI
Sponsor

Analysis

Pros for Progressives

  • Protects vital drinking water resources and natural ecosystems from potentially harmful development, prioritizing environmental conservation and public health over corporate building interests.
  • Empowers local communities to establish strict environmental safeguards (watershed overlay districts) that cannot be easily overridden by developers seeking zoning exemptions.
  • Clarifies state definitions for watersheds and overlay districts, providing a stronger legal framework for municipalities to defend their natural resources against unchecked real estate development.

Cons for Progressives

  • Restricts the construction of low- and moderate-income housing, potentially worsening the affordable housing crisis and disproportionately hurting lower-income individuals and families.
  • Allows a specific town (Coventry) to use environmental protections as a potential loophole to block affordable housing, which could contribute to economic and racial segregation.
  • Undermines the state's comprehensive permit process, which was specifically designed to overcome exclusionary local zoning laws that historically keep disadvantaged groups out of wealthier, suburban areas.

Pros for Conservatives

  • Strengthens local control over zoning laws by preventing state-mandated affordable housing permits from overriding the town of Coventry's specific municipal land-use decisions.
  • Protects local property values and the traditional character of Coventry neighborhoods by preventing high-density, low-income housing developments in designated watershed areas.
  • Limits state government overreach by ensuring that developers cannot use the comprehensive permit loophole to bypass local regulations and force unwanted housing projects on the community.

Cons for Conservatives

  • Infringes on private property rights by strictly limiting what landowners and developers can build on their property if it falls within a watershed overlay district.
  • Increases government regulation by creating new, restrictive zoning definitions (overlay districts and watersheds) that add bureaucratic red tape for businesses and housing developers.
  • Specifically targets and restricts development in only one town (Coventry), creating an unequal regulatory environment that could deter free-market real estate investment in that municipality.

Constitutional Concerns

None Likely. While the bill singles out the town of Coventry, which could raise minor equal protection or special legislation questions, states generally have broad authority to enact town-specific zoning and environmental protections. It does not appear to violate fundamental rights such as free speech, due process, or protection from unreasonable searches and seizures.

Impact Overview

Groups Affected

  • Housing developers
  • Low-income individuals
  • Coventry residents
  • Property owners
  • Zoning boards

Towns Affected

Coventry

Cost to Taxpayers

None

Revenue Generated

None

BillBuddy Impact Ratings

Importance

10

Measures population affected and overall level of impact.

Freedom Impact

20

Level of individual freedom impacted by the bill.

Public Services

15

How much the bill is likely to impact one or more public services.

Regulatory

25

Estimated regulatory burden imposed on the subject(s) of the bill.

Clarity of Bill Language

95

How clear the language of the bill is. Higher ambiguity equals a lower score.

Enforcement Provisions

85

Measures enforcement provisions and penalties for non-compliance (if applicable).

Environmental Impact

30

Impact the bill will have on the environment, positive or negative.

Privacy Impact

30

Impact the bill is likely to have on the privacy of individuals.

Bill Status

Current Status

Held
Comm Passed
Floor Passed
Law

History

• 04/17/2026 Introduced, referred to House Municipal Government & Housing
• 05/22/2026 Scheduled for hearing and/or consideration (05/26/2026)
• 05/26/2026 Committee recommended measure be held for further study

Bill Text

SECTION 1. Section 45-22.2-4 of the General Laws in Chapter 45-22.2 entitled "Rhode Island Comprehensive Planning and Land Use Act" is hereby amended to read as follows:
45-22.2-4. Definitions.
As used in this chapter the following words have the meanings stated herein:
(1) “Agricultural land” means land suitable for agriculture by reason of suitability of soil or other natural characteristics or past use for agricultural purposes.
(2) “Capacity” or “land capacity” means the suitability of the land, as defined by geology, soil conditions, topography, and water resources, to support its development for uses such as residential, commercial, industrial, open space, or recreation. Land capacity may be modified by provision of facilities and services.
(3) “Capital improvements program” means a proposed schedule of all future projects listed in order of construction priority together with cost estimates and the anticipated means of financing each project.
(4) “Chief” means the highest-ranking administrative officer of the division of planning as established by §  42-11-10(g).
(5) “Coastal features” means any coastal beach, barrier island or spit, coastal wetland, coastal headland, bluff or cliff, rocky shore, manmade shoreline or dune as outlined and defined by the coastal resources management program, and as may be amended.
(6) “Comprehensive plan” or “comprehensive land use plan” means a document containing the components described in this chapter, including the implementation program which is consistent with the goals and guidelines established by this chapter.
(7) “Days” means calendar days.
(8) “Division of planning” means the office established as a division of the department of administration by §  42-11-10(g).
(9) “Floodplains” or “flood hazard area” means an area that is subject to a flood from a storm having a one percent (1%) chance of being equaled or exceeded in any given year, as delineated on a community’s flood hazard map as approved by the federal emergency management agency pursuant to the National Flood Insurance Act of 1968, as amended (Pub. L. No. 90-448), 42 U.S.C. § 4011 et seq.
(10) “Forecast” means a description of the conditions, quantities, or values anticipated to occur at a designated future time.
(11) “Goals” means those goals stated in § 45-22.2-3.
(12) “Historic or cultural resource” means any real property, structure, natural object, place, landmark, landscape, archaeological site or configuration or any portion or group of the preceding which has been listed on the federal or state register of historic places or that is considered by the Rhode Island Historical Preservation & Heritage Commission to meet the eligibility criteria for listing on the state register of historic places pursuant to § 42-45-5 or is located in a historic district established by a municipality in accordance with chapter 24.1 of this title, Historic Area Zoning.
(13) “Land” means real property including improvements and fixtures on, above, or below the surface.
(14) “Land use regulation” means a rule or statute of general application adopted by the municipal legislative body which controls, directs, or delineates allowable uses of land and the standards for these uses.
(15) “Local government” means any governmental agency authorized by this chapter to exercise the power granted by this chapter.
(16) “Maintain” means to evaluate regularly and revise as needed or required in order to ensure that a comprehensive plan remains consistent with the goals and guidelines established by this chapter.
(17) “Municipal legislative body” means the town council in a town or the city council in a city; or that part of a municipal government that exercises legislative powers under a statute or charter. LC006315 - Page 2 of 5
(18) “Municipal reviewing authority” means the municipal planning board or commission.
(19) “Open space” means any parcel or area of land or water set aside, dedicated, designated, or reserved for public or private use or enjoyment or for the use and enjoyment of owners and occupants of land adjoining or neighboring the open space; provided that the area may be improved with only those buildings, structures, streets, and off-street parking, and other improvements that are designed to be incidental to the natural openness of the land.
(20) "Overlay district" mean a district established in a zoning ordinance that is superimposed on one or more districts or parts of districts. The standards and requirements associated with an overlay district may be more or less restrictive than those in the underlying districts consistent with other applicable state and federal laws.
(20)(21) “Planning board” or “commission” means the body established by a municipality under chapter 22 of this title or combination of municipalities which has the responsibility to prepare a comprehensive plan and make recommendations concerning that plan to the municipal legislative body.
(21)(22) “State guide plan” means goals, policies, and plans or plan elements for the physical, economic, and social development of the state, adopted by the state planning council in accordance with § 42-11-10.
(22)(23) “State or regional agency” means, for the purposes of this chapter, any state agency, department, public authority, public corporation, organization, commission, or other governing body with regulatory or other authority affecting the goals established either in this chapter or the state guide plan. Pursuant to § 45-22.2-2, the definition of state and regional agency shall not be construed to supersede or diminish any regulatory authority granted by state or federal statute.
(23)(24) “State agency program or project” State agency program means any non- regulatory, coordinated group of activities implemented for the purpose of achieving a specific goal or objective. State agency project means a specific initiative or development on an identifiable parcel(s) of land.
(24)(25) “Voluntary association of local governments” means two (2) or more municipalities that have joined together pursuant to a written agreement and pursuant to the authority granted under this chapter for the purpose of drafting a comprehensive land use plan and implementation program.
(26) "Watershed" means a land area which because of its topography, soil type, and drainage patterns acts as a collector of raw waters which regorge or replenish rivers and existing or planned public water supplies. LC006315 - Page 3 of 5
(27) "Watershed overlay protection district" means a zoning designation that applies a specific set of rules, often stricter than those in the underlying zoning district, to protect water resources within a watershed.
(25)(28) “Wetland” a marsh, swamp, bog, pond, river, river or stream flood plain or bank; an area subject to flooding or storm flowage; an emergent or submergent plant community in any body of fresh water; or an area within fifty feet (50′) of the edge of a bog, marsh, swamp, or pond, as defined in § 2-1-20; or any salt marsh bordering on the tidal waters of this state, whether or not the tidal waters reach the littoral areas through natural or artificial watercourses, and those uplands directly associated and contiguous thereto which are necessary to preserve the integrity of that marsh, and as further defined by the RI coastal resources management program, as may be amended.
(26)(29) “Zoning” means the reservation of certain specified areas within a community or city for building and structures, or use of land, for certain purposes with other limitations as height, lot coverage, and other stipulated requirements.

SECTION 2. Chapter 45-53 of the General Laws entitled "Low and Moderate Income Housing" is hereby amended by adding thereto the following section:
45-53-11.1. Comprehensive permits prohibited in watershed overlay protection districts in Coventry.
In the town of Coventry, no applications shall be issued, authorized or permitted for a comprehensive permit under the Rhode Island comprehensive planning and land use regulation act pursuant to chapter 22.2 of title 45 in any watershed overlay protection district, as defined in § 45- 22.2-4.

SECTION 3. This act shall take effect upon passage.

Interact

Ask a Question

Coming in March

Tell Your Legislator

Coming in March